解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The perception of blackness was investigated by measuring spectral efficiency and field additivity under conditions of temporal induction. For both purposes, observers foveally viewed a 0.75 deg, inducing stimulus for 5 sec followed immediately (or 200 msec later) by a broadband (5500 K) reference stimulus of the same...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90197-1
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of impulse responses of blowfly photoreceptors in light and dark adaptation were studied with brief (30 mu sec) white light flashes applied with different repetition frequencies, thereby producing a range of interstimulus periods (ISPs) from 200 msec to 100 sec. The amplitude of the impulse response as ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90187-9
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Color samples selected from the OSA Uniform Color Scales set were seen isolated in a dark field, illuminated by hidden projectors. These appeared as self-luminous aperture colors when thus isolated. We employed a categorical color-naming procedure to assess color appearance. Achromatic surrounds of 33 min width, if ad...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90099-0
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retinae of two species of teleosts, the rippled blenny Istiblennius edentulus and the blue tusk fish Choerodon albigena are examined in wholemount. The retinal topography of Nissl-stained cells within the ganglion cell layer in each species reveals a temporal (4.32 x 10(4) cells per mm2) and a nasal (3.83 x 10(4) ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90089-8
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of monocular and binocular grating acuity was measured in 87 infants, 2-52 weeks of age, using the sweep VEP technique. Average monocular and binocular acuity growth functions were nearly identical, with a small (less than 0.2 octaves) binocular acuity superiority occurring only under 6 months. Interoc...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90004-7
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-three different 3D shapes were defined by sequences of 2D views (frames) of dots on a rotating 3D surface. (1) Subjects' accuracy of shape identifications dropped from over 90% to less than 10% when either the polarity of the stimulus dots was alternated from light-on-gray to dark-on-gray on successive frames or...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90161-2
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electroretinographic responses (ERGs) have been recorded from the cornea of the little owl (Athene noctua) in response to single light flashes and to alternating sinusoidal gratings (pattern) at different levels of light adaptation. Both flash- and pattern-evoked ERGs show scotopic as well as photopic components. The ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90151-x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured the pupillary light reflex (PLR) in 5 pigmented, Long Evans rats (under urethan sedation) in three conditions: direct stimulation, consensual stimulation, and a control condition designed to measure the effects of stray light. The average constriction (maximal amplitude) produced by a ganzfeld stimulus del...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90078-3
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tilt aftereffect (TAE) was measured with a forced-choice technique for gratings of different spatial frequencies, contrasts and adapting and test durations. At short test durations, a 2 c/deg grating gave a larger TAE than a 10 c/deg, while at long test durations the opposite occurred. Low contrast gratings tended...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90179-x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of retinopetal fibers in mammals has been debated many times in the past two decades. Do rabbits have a retinopetal system? This question is addressed with the present investigations. In anesthetized and paralysed rabbits the b-wave and the oscillatory potentials (OP) are recorded at the cornea. The optic...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90110-7
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We are quantifying the distribution of photoreceptors and ganglion cells in human retina with the goal of establishing a reliable anatomical database which may be compared to information about visual function. We required a representation of retinal cell distributions which facilitated collection, analysis, and displa...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90039-4
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gratings that differ in orientation by as much as 62.5 deg from that of a signal grating raise the signal's threshold by nearly a log unit. The spatial-frequency tuning of the masking effect reaches a maximum slightly below the spatial frequency of the maskers but far from that of any quadratic distortion product. Fur...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90127-2
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The e-wave and a delayed-OFF increase in extracellular K+ concentration are both maximum in the distal half of the inner plexiform layer. These responses also have similar latency, time-course, intensity-dependence, surround properties, and sensitivity to tetrodotoxin. Current source-density analysis of the e-wave rev...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90136-8
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of axons in the optic nerve have been examined in rat pups raised by control or taurine-depleted mothers, at 21, 28 and 40 days after birth. Optic nerves from the mother rats were also studied. Taurine depletion of dams and some litters after weaning was achieved by in vivo treatment with guanidinoethyl sul...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90133-2
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated temporal summation of the rods in a complete achromat, who lacks cone vision. Critical duration (tc) was estimated both at the achromat's preferred area of fixation and at an area 12 deg laterally in the nasal visual field. Comparable tc determinations were made in a normal trichromat. At background lu...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90042-9
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colored afterimages were obtained after the eye was exposed to the adapting field consisting of the figure-ground configuration of colored lights with the same hue and different saturation. When a colored patch was surrounded by a more saturated field, the color of the afterimage was similar to that of the previous pa...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90174-5
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following an extensive single subject pilot study 12 Ss viewed a continuously cycling (3 Hz), two stimulus, apparent motion (AM) display. The "AM breakdown effect" was utilised to gather visual evoked potentials (VEPs) from sites O1, O2, T5, T6, P3, and P4 during periods in which the display elicited either: the perce...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90073-9
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between perceived visual direction and retinal location has been considered to be specified at birth and unmodifiable. We found that small changes occurred in the visual direction associated with a peripheral retinal location when the amplitudes of saccadic eye movements to a target imaged at that loca...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90161-7
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscarinic receptors are identified in bovine retina membranes by the specific binding of 1-[benzilic-4,4'-3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate [3H]-QNB. Binding occurs to one population of non-cooperative binding sites: KD = 0.11 +/- 0.02 nM and Bmax = 0.61 +/- 0.07 pmol/mg protein. Competition binding curves of the M1-select...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90151-4
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of rod light and dark adaptation upon cone mediated spatial acuity was studied in the near parafoveal retina of normal human observers. The luminance just necessary to detect squarewave test gratings of variable frequency provided an index of spatial acuity. Such thresholds were determined in the presenc...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differential spatial displacement discrimination thresholds were determined for a configuration of three identical Gaussian modulated patches of sinusoidal grating presented with equal orientation and at threshold luminance contrast. The patches were arranged one above the other at equal spatial intervals. The orienta...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When two stimuli are presented in different positions successively at short time intervals saccadic eye movements are usually directed at intermediate positions. This phenomenon of "averaging" of saccadic eye movements has been studied in responses to double-step target displacements in different stimulus conditions. ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90030-2
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine how local velocities from different regions of the visual field combine to form a coherent motion percept, we subjected a sinusoidal line stimulus to translational motion. Horizontal movement of a sinewave line along its axial direction is perceived as nonrigid if the angle at the zero crossing is smaller t...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90052-1
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present experiments three different motion discrimination tasks were studied using a random dot pattern as stimulus: velocity discrimination, direction discrimination and discrimination of opposite directions. The analysis of the motion of random dot patterns is based on motion sensitive mechanisms without the ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90064-8
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Response properties of neurons in V3A were studied at a retinal eccentricity of 2-4 deg. The distributions of spatial frequency bandwidths and orientation bandwidths were similar to those of neurons in V1. Peaks of spatial frequency tuning curves ranged from 0.35 to 8.0 c/deg with a mean of 1.75 c/deg. Most V3A cells ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90035-1
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major factor underlying the prolonged postnatal improvement of visual acuity in primates is an increase in the sampling limit imposed by the photoreceptor mosaic, which may be as much as 5-fold. Further factors operating peripheral to neurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus, which might include changes in neural c...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90104-6
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cornea of the goby Pomatoschistus minutus is iridescent. Spectral reflectance measurements show that the colour of the iridescence responds to light shifting to longer wavelengths when illuminated and shifting to shorter wavelengths when dark adapted. After 2-3 hr dark adaptation the iridescence is no longer visib...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90193-3
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report here measurements of visual evoked potential (VEP) activity after induction of afterimages in human observers. Drifting gratings normally produce no measurable phase synchronized VEP. However, after an afterimage of a high contrast grating of the same orientation and spatial frequency of that of the drifting...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90182-9
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The critical durations for temporal integration at threshold were obtained for lights of various wavelengths, presented both against darkness and against achromatic or chromatic backgrounds of different luminances. The critical duration (tc) was defined by a point of intersection of the two lines with the slopes of ze...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90031-9
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retinal-binding protein (RALBP) was isolated from the squid retina, and purified by anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. The molecular weight was determined to be 51,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by gel filtration. The purified sample showed absorption maxima at ab...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90020-4
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pattern electroretinograms (PERGs) have been recorded in man and pigeon using phase reversing patterns. Studies were made in both species of the effect of grating spatial frequency, grating profile (sine or square) or the size of the squares of a checkerboard on the amplitude of the responses. The results obtained in ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90004-6
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensitivity to the sudden displacement (phase shift) of a single monocularly presented sinusoidal grating is increased when a static grating of similar spatial frequency is presented to the same eye. If the static grating is presented to the other eye instead sensitivity is, at best, halved. This demonstration implies...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90076-9
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During dark adaptation after full field, greater than or equal to 90% bleaches recovery of sensitivity and regeneration of rhodopsin were studied using electroretinographic and pupillographic techniques in both 10-week-old infants and adults. The courses of scotopic sensitivity recovery and rhodopsin regeneration of i...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90066-6
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three experiments were performed to examine positional acuity and the role of spatial sampling in central, peripheral and amblyopic vision. In the first experiment, 3-line bisection acuity was compared to grating acuity. In normal foveal vision bisection acuity represents a hyperacuity. In anisometropic amblyopes, bis...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90044-7
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Steady-state pupil diameter was measured in darkness and over a 9 log unit range of Ganzfeld illumination in 20 normal adults, 28 normal infants, 59 adults with retinitis pigmentosa, and 30 children at risk for retinitis pigmentosa. Pupil threshold was defined as the retinal illuminance necessary to decrease pupil dia...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90034-4
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has shown that cognitive and motor visual systems have separate maps of visual space because spatial values in them can be manipulated independently. Here we ask whether the motor map in turn can be divided into separate representations of space. Forty large saccadic eye movements in darkness resulte...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90088-5
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to determine whether the cross-correlation between signals and masks consisting of Gaussian modulated grating patterns is consistent with observed psychophysical masking effects. Our experimental results support this relationship, and suggest further specifications for the determinants of pattern masking eff...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90209-4
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A geometrical method of calculating retinal magnification factor at the limits of the retinal field, adjacent to the ora terminalis, is described. The method is applied to the eyes of 11 mammalian and avian species, using new anatomical measurements and data from the literature. In the human and monkey eye, magnificat...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90198-2
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dynamic random-dot stereograms (RDS) were used to study cortical neuronal mechanisms related to visual persistence in nine subjects. Electric brain potential components evoked by stereoscopic stimuli were compared to those evoked by conventional checkerboard stimuli with contrast borders. In a pattern-onset/offset pre...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90125-8
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The stereoacuity of the pigeon was measured by finding the smallest depth difference discriminable between two arrays of elements, each array confined to one of two parallel planes in space. For both the human and the pigeon, the depth between the two planes was not discriminable under stationary monocular conditions....
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90061-7
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00